Development of dermatological preparations based on essential oil Siberian pine (Pinus sibirica) and examination of their potential in the treatment of wounds

[M. B. Nikolić]

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Zarastanje hroničnih rana predstavlja značajan terapijski izazov, posebno kod pacijenata sa dijabetesom, zbog narušene regenerativne sposobnosti tkiva. Ovo istraživanje je imalo za cilj razvoj, ispitivanje bezbednosti i efikasnosti novih topikalnih formulacija (mast i gel) na bazi etarskog ulja sibirskog bora (Pinus sibirica) u koncentraciji od 0,5%, u procesu zarastanja rana. Analiza sastava etarskog ulja sibirskog bora potvrdila je prisustvo monoterpena, među kojima su najzastupljeniji α-pinen, β-pinen i δ-karen. Ispitivanjem antioksidativnog potencijala, ulje je pokazalo izraženu in vitro antioksidativnu aktivnost. Stabilnost preparata potvrđena je tokom šestomesečnog čuvanja, a bezbednost je potvrđena testom akutne dermalne iritacije. Formulacije su ispitivane u ekscizionom modelu rana kod dijabetičnih Wistar albino pacova, koji su bili podeljeni u šest grupa. Tokom tronedeljnog tretmana, formulacije sa etarskim uljem sibirskog bora pokazale su značajnu efikasnost u ubrzavanju zarastanja, što je potvrđeno većim procentom smanjenja površine rane i povećanom koncentracijom ukupnog hidroksiprolina. Histopatološka analiza je potvrdila da su ove promene praćene poboljšanom reepitelizacijom i regeneracijom tkiva. Tretman preparatima sa etarskim uljem sibirskog bora doprineo je bržem zarastanju, smanjenju oksidativnog stresa i povećanju aktivnosti antioksidantnih enzima. Topikalne formulacije su inhibirale inflamatorni odgovor izazvan karagenanom. Ovi rezultati ukazuju na to da terapeutski efekti preparata sa etarskim uljem sibirskog bora proističu iz njihovih antioksidativnih i antiinflamatornih svojstava, čineći ih perspektivnim za zarastanje rana, posebno kod obolelih od dijabetesa.

The healing of chronic wounds represents a significant therapeutic challenge, especially in diabetic patients, due to impaired tissue regenerative capacity. This study aimed to develop, investigate the safety and efficacy of new topical formulations (ointment and gel) based on Siberian pine essential oil (Pinus sibirica) at a concentration of 0.5%, in the wound healing process. Analysis of the composition of Siberian pine essential oil confirmed the presence of monoterpenes, among which α-pinene, β-pinene and δ-carene are the most abundant. Investigation of its antioxidant potential, the oil showed a pronounced in vitro antioxidant activity. The stability of the preparation was confirmed during six months of storage, and the safety was confirmed by an acute dermal irritation test. The formulations were tested in an excision wound model in diabetic Wistar albino rats, which were divided into six groups. During the three-week treatment, formulations containing Siberian pine essential oil showed significant efficacy in accelerating healing, as confirmed by a higher percentage of wound surface reduction and an increased concentration of total hydroxyproline. Histopathological analysis confirmed that these changes were accompanied by improved re-epithelialization and tissue regeneration. Treatment with Siberian pine essential oil formulations contributed to faster healing, reduced oxidative stress, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. Topical formulations inhibited the inflammatory response induced by carrageenan. These results indicate that the therapeutic effects of preparations containing Siberian pine essential oil are due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, making them promising candidates for wound healing treatment, especially in diabetеs.

Pinus sibirica; etarsko ulje; zarastanje rana; inflamacija; oksidacioni stres.

Pinus sibirica; essential oil; wound healing; inflammation; oxidative stress

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