The influence of illness perception and body image on coping mechanisms in female breast cancer patients

[N. Z. Stojadinović]

78 str.

Karcinom dojke je najučestaliji karcinom u svetu, značajno narušava funkcionisanje žene, utiče na njene socijalne i emotivne odnose, i način na koji doživljava sebe i svoje telo. Cilj studije bio je ispitati učestalost različitih mehanizama prevladavanja bolesti kod žena obolelih od karcinoma dojke i kako njihova percepcija bolesti i telesnih promena nakon operacije mogu uticati na mehanizme prevladavanja koje koriste. Reč je o kliničkoj, prospektivnoj, nerandomizovanoj studiji sprovedenoj u Centru za onkologiju i radiologiju Univerzitetskog Kliničkog centra Kragujevac. U studiju su bile uključene 202 pacijentkinje sa dijagnostikovanim karcinomom dojke nakon hirurške intervencije. Korišćeni su: Mini-mental upitnik prilagođavanja na kancer, Skala slike tela, Kratak upitnik percepcije bolesti, upitnik socio- demografskih podataka, dok su podaci koji se tiču bolesti ispitanica prikupljeni iz medicinske dokumentacije. Pacijentkinje svoju bolest posmatraju kao prosečno ugrožavajuću, ne pokazuju izražen stepen nezadovoljstva svojim telesnim izgledom nakon operacije i više su sklone adaptivnim mehanizmima prevladavanja bolesti. U grupi pacijentkinja sa mastektomijom maladaptivni mehanizmi prevladavanja su direktno predviđani (52% varijanse) preko percepcije bolesti, dok je percepcija slike tela značajno predviđala (42% varijanse) percepciju bolesti. U grupi pacijentkinja sa poštednom intervencijom, maladaptivni mehanizmi prevladavanja su direktno predviđani (36% varijanse) preko percepcije bolesti, dok je percepcija slike tela značajno predviđala (20% varijanse) percepciju bolesti. Naglašava se potreba za posebnim fokusom medicinskog osoblja na procenu nezadovoljstva slikom tela i percepcije bolesti kod pacijentkinja kako bi se pravovremeno moglo uticati na poboljšanje zdravlja i blagostanja obolelih žena.

Breast cancer is the most common cancer in the world, significantly disrupting a woman's functioning, affecting her social and emotional relationships, and the way she perceives herself and her body. The aim of the study was to examine the frequency of different coping mechanisms in women with breast cancer and how their perception of the illness and bodily changes after surgery may influence the coping mechanisms they use. This is a clinical, prospective, non-randomized study conducted at the Center for Oncology and Radiology of the University Clinical Center Kragujevac. The study included 202 female patients diagnosed with breast cancer after surgical intervention. The following scales were used: Mini-Mental Adjustment to Cancer, Body Image Scale, Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire, socio-demographic data questionnaire, while data regarding the subjects' illness were collected from medical records. Patients perceived their illness as moderately threatening, did not show a pronounced degree of dissatisfaction with their body appearance after surgery, and resort more to adaptive mechanisms of coping. In the group of patients with mastectomy, maladaptive mechanisms of coping were directly predicted (52% of the variance) by illness perception, while body image perception significantly predicted (42% of the variance) illness perception. In the group of patients with breast conserving surgery, maladaptive coping mechanisms were directly predicted (36% of the variance) by illness perception, while body image perception significantly predicted (20% of the variance) illness perception. We can emphasize the need for special focus by medical staff on assessing body image dissatisfaction and illness perception in patients in order to timely influence the improvement of the health and well/being of affected women.

karcinom dojke, mehanizmi prevladavanja, percepcija bolesti, telesni izgled

breast cancer, coping mechanisms, illness perception, body image

614.253(497.11)

Karcinom dojke, kvalitet života

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