Population characteristics and conservation status of the species Alburnoides bipunctatus (Bloch, 1782) in the aquatic ecosystems of Serbia

[M. M. Jakovljević]

[9], 155 listova

Dvoprugasta uklija (Alburnoides bipunctatus, Bloch, 1782) je mala, reofilna vrsta ribe (fam. Leuciscidae), široko rasprostranjena u vodenim ekosistemima Srbije. Naseljava heterogena staništa, uključujući i zagađena. U pojedinim delovima areala rasprostranjenja, vrsta je kritično ugrožena iako globalno ima status LC (najmanja zabrinutost). U ovom istraživanju analizirane su karakteristike populacija i odgovori na antropogene stresore i klimatske promene, s ciljem procene konzervacionog statusa dvoprugaste uklije u Srbiji. Istraživanje je obuhvatilo 71 reku u periodu 2003–2021. Rezultati ukazuju na stabilne populacije sa dobrom kondicijom, prisutnim pozitivnim alometrijskim rastom i dominacijom mlađih uzrasnih klasa, što ukazuje na reproduktivnu stabilnost uprkos uticaju stresora. Obrasci distribucije povezani su sa temperaturom i kvalitetom vode, uz toleranciju na povišene vrednosti elektroprovodljivosti. Dobijeni nalazi doprineli su razvoju Clim komponente za procenu uticaja klimatskih promena. Vrsta predstavlja modelorganizam za proučavanje uticaja antropogenih stresora i klimatskih promena, kao i potencijalni indikator stanja vodenih ekosistema na lokalnom i regionalnom nivou. Integracijom u izvorni ESHIPPOfishing razvijen je ESHIPPOClim model, koji procenjuje otpornost i adaptivni potencijal vrste. Model omogućava procenu uticaja pojedinačnih stresora i tumačenje složenih ekoloških obrazaca. U cilju validacije strukture modela i unapređenja prediktivne moći primenjeni su algoritmi mašinskog učenja. Dvoprugasta uklija je potvrđena kao pouzdan indikator, koja brzim promenama u ponašanju omogućava rano otkrivanje promena u ekosistemu. Procenjena otpornost i adaptabilnost dodatno naglašava značaj vrste u monitoringu i očuvanju biodiverziteta u uslovima klimatskih i antropogenih stresora.

The spirlin (Alburnoides bipunctatus, Bloch, 1782) is a small leuciscid, rheophilic fish species widely distributed across Serbian rivers, inhabiting heterogeneous freshwater habitats. Although globally listed as Least Concern (LC), its conservation status varies to vulnerable or critically endangered in some parts of its range. This study analyzed long-term population characteristics and ecological traits of spirlin in Serbian rivers (2003–2021) to assess its conservation status and evaluate its responses to anthropogenic and climatic stressors. Results indicate sustainable populations with good condition and vitality, positive allometric growth, and dominance of younger age classes, suggesting reproductive stability under cumulative environmental stressors. Spatial distribution patterns were associated with thermal regimes and water quality, with observed tolerance to elevated conductivity. These findings contributed to the development of a Clim component for assessing climate change impacts. Its integration into the original ESHIPPOfishing model resulted in an enhanced version ESHIPPOClim, enabling classification of species resilience and ecological responsiveness. The model also supports assessment of individual stressor effects and interpretation of complex ecological patterns. To validate the model and improve predictive performance, artificial intelligence tools and machine learning algorithms were applied. Spirlin is confirmed as a reliable indicator species, whose ecological flexibility and spatial responsiveness support early detection of ecological shifts. Spirlin’s adaptability potential reinforces its value in data-driven freshwater monitoring and biodiversity conservation strategies under diverse environmental stressors including climate change.

dvoprugasta uklija (Alburnoides bipunctatus), populaciona dinamika i ekologija, ESHIPPOClim ekološko modelovanje, mašinsko učenje, ribe kao indikatori, antropogeni stresori, klimatske promene

spirlin (Alburnoides bipunctatus), population dynamics and ecology, ESHIPPOClim ecological modeling, machine learning, fish as early indicator, antropogenic stressors, climate change

574:597.42/.55(497.11)(043.3)

Vodeni ekosistemi - Ribe - Zrakoperke - Srbija

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