Taxonomical, zoogeographical and ecological study of the Lumbricidae (Annelidae) of the Kopaonik Mountain

[F. J. Popović]

205 listova

Srbiju, kao deo Balkanskog poluostrva, odlikuje izuzetno bogatstvo i raznovrsnost lumbricidne faune. Međutim, kao ključni motiv izdvojio bih činjenicu da područje planine Kopaonik predstavlja jedno od faunistički najslabije proučenih prostora Srbije. Ciljevi ove studije su bili stvaranje pregleda faune lumbricida planine Kopaonik, provera pouzdanosti taksonomskih karaktera molekularnim metodama, utvrđivanje filogenetskih odnosa, utvrđivanje ekoloških i zoogeografskih preferenci vrsta i utvrđivanje visinskog obrasca lumbricida. Zabeleženo je prisustvo 38 taksona, tokom ranijih istraživanja zabeleženo je dva taksona, tako da danas fauna lumbricida ovog područja broji 40 taksona (35 vrsta i pet podvrsta). Na osnovu taksonomskih karaktera i molekularne filogenetike razrešen je taksonomski status sedam kontroverznih endemičnih vrsta. Po prvi put u Srbiji su registrovano šest taksona, što je od izuzetnog faunističkog značaja. Sa druge strane, određeno je po 10 visinskih transekata na istočnoj i zapadnoj strani planine, kako bi ustanovili visinski obrazac lumbricida. Brojnost i bogatstvo vrsta monotono su opadali sa povećanjem nadmorske visine, pokazujući značajnu negativnu korelaciju. Klaster analiza je otkrila tri obrasca sastava zajednice lumbricida. Srednja veličina visinskog raspona lumbricida značajno se povećala duž visinskih gradijenata, što ukazuje da naši rezultati podržavaju Rapoportovo visinsko pravilo. Takođe, fokusirali smo se na zajednicu lumbricida u različitim tipovima staništa, analizirajući bogatstvo vrsta i sastav zajednice. Nadmorska visina i tip staništa imali su jak uticaj na strukturu zajednice lumbricida.

As part of the Balkan Peninsula, Serbia is characterized by the extraordinary richness and diversity of the lumbricidal fauna. However, as a key motive, we would single out the fact that the area of the Kopaonik Мountain is one of the least studied faunal areas of Serbia. The goals of this study were to create an overview of the lumbricid fauna of the Kopaonik Mt., to check the reliability of taxonomic characters by molecular methods, to determine phylogenetic relationships, to determine the ecological and zoogeographical preferences of species and to determine the altitudinal pattern of lumbricids. The presence of 38 taxa was recorded, during earlier research two taxa were recorded, so today the lumbricid fauna of this area numbers 40 taxa. Based on taxonomic characters and molecular phylogenetics, the taxonomic status of seven controversial endemic species was resolved. Six taxa were registered for the first time in Serbia, which is of great faunal significance. On the other hand, determined 10 altitudinal transects on the mountain's eastern and western sides to establish the lumbricids' altitudinal pattern. The lumbricid abundance and species richness monotonically decreased with the increase in altitude, showing a significant negative correlation. Cluster analysis revealed three patterns of lumbricid community composition. The mean altitudinal range size of the lumbricid significantly increased along the altitudinal gradients, indicating that our results support Rapoport’s altitudinal rule. Also, we focused on the community of lumbricids in different habitat types, analyzing species richness and community composition. Both altitude and habitat type strongly affected the community structure of lumbricid

brojnost, bogastvo vrsta, ekološke kategorije, zoogeografija, lumbricide, Kopaonik, Rapoportovo visinsko pravilo, taksonomija, filogenija.

abundance, earthworm, ecological categories, Kopaonik Мountain, phylogeny, Rapoport's rule, species richness, taxonomy, zoogeography.

595.14(043.3)(491.11)

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