Public health aspects of depressive symptoms in the adult population of the Republik of Serbia

[V. V. Simić]

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UVOD: Prema proceni Svetske zdravstvene organizacije, depresivni poremećaji će do 2030. godine postati vodeća dijagnostička kategorija među uzrocima opterećenja bolestima na globalnom nivou. METOD: Istraživanje predstavlja deo četvrtog Nacionalnog istraživanja zdravlja stanovništva sprovedenog 2019. godine. Istraživanje je sproveo Republički zavod za statistiku, u saradnji sa Institutom za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“ i Ministarstvom zdravlja Republike Srbije. Kao instrument istraživanja korišćeni su upitnici u skladu sa metodologijom Evropskog istraživanja zdravlja. REZULTATI: Prevalencija blagih depresivnih simptoma iznosi 6,6%, prevalencija depresivne epizode 2,2% dok je 91,2% ispitanika bilo bez simptoma depresivnosti. U pogledu demografskih i socioekonomskih indikatora kao prediktori depresivnosti izdvojili su se ženski pol (OR=1,50), starosna dob 80+ (OR=4,81), starosna dob 70−79 godina (OR=2,47), razveden(a)/udovac(a) (OR=1,38), osnovno i niže obrazovanje (OR=1,90), loš materijalni status (OR=2,41), nezaposlenost (OR=1,25), stanovnici južne i istočne Srbije (OR=1,58). Simptomi depresivnosti su učestaliji u kod osoba koje svoje zdravlje procenjuju kao loše, boluju od dve ili više hroničnih bolesti i kod osoba sa većim stepenom funkcionalnih ograničenja. Nivo socijalne podrške predstavlja značajan prediktor prisustva simptoma depresivnosti. Osobe sa simptomima depresivnosti češće koriste usluge zdravstvene zaštite u odnosu na osobe bez simptoma depresivnosti. ZAKLjUČAK: Kako bi se proširila znanja o etiologiji, značaju skrininga i mogućnostima prevencije depresivnih poremećaja, neophodna su istraživanja ovakvog tipa, što našoj studiji daje na značaju.

INTRODUCTION: According to the World Health Organization's estimate, depressive disorders are projected to become the leading diagnostic category of disease burden globally by 2030. METHOD: This study is part of the fourth National Health Survey conducted in 2019. The research was carried out by the Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, in collaboration with the Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut" and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. The research used questionnaires in accordance with the methodology of the European Health Interview Survey. RESULTS: The prevalence of mild depressive symptoms was 6.6%, the prevalence of depressive episodes was 2.2%, while 91.2% of respondents were without depressive symptoms. Regarding demographic and socio-economic indicators as predictors of depression, significant factors included female gender (OR=1.50), age group 80+ (OR=4.81), age group 70-79 years (OR=2.47), divorced/widowed status (OR=1.38), primary or lower education (OR=1.90), poor material status (OR=2.41), unemployment (OR=1.25), and residents of South and East Serbia (OR=1.58). Depressive symptoms were more frequent among individuals who rated their health as poor, had two or more chronic diseases, and those with higher levels of functional limitations. The level of social support was a significant predictor of the presence of depressive symptoms. Individuals with depressive symptoms more frequently utilized healthcare services compared to those without symptoms. CONCLUSION: To expand knowledge on the etiology, significance of screening, and prevention possibilities of depressive disorders, research of this nature is essential, which our study highlights.

prisustvo simptoma depresivnosti, Nacionalno istraživanje zdravlja, populacija odraslog stanovništva, javnozdravstveni značaj.

presence of depressive symptoms, National Health Survey, adult population, public health significance

616‑084(043.3) 616.895.4-05(043.3)

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