Determinants of health and unmet health needs of adolescents in Serbia

[B. B. Milikić]

88 listova

Uvod: Zdravlje adolescenata zahteva posebnu pažnju, kako zbog povećane osetljivosti na dejstvo različitih faktora rizika, tako i zbog činjenice da loše zdravlje, nezdravi stilovi života i neostvarene zdravstvene potrebe u ranijem životnom dobu mogu imati za posledicu loše zdravlje tokom čitavog života, što za društvo nosi ozbiljne zdravstvene, finansijske i druge socijalne posledice. Cilj: Studija se bavi identifikacijom faktora rizika koji mogu uticati na zdravlje i nezadovoljenje zdravstvenih potreba adolescenata kako bi dobijene rezultate iskoristili u predlaganju i kreiranju odgovarajućih preventivnih mera i programa. Materijal i metod: Istraživanje je dizajnirano kao studija preseka na reprezentativnom stratifikovanom dvoetapnom uzorku i deo je Istraživanja zdravlja stanovništva Srbije iz 2019. godine koje je sprovedeno od strane Republičkog zavoda za statistiku, u saradnji sa Institutom za javno zdravlje Srbije „Dr Milan Jovanović Batut“ i Ministarstvom zdravlja Republike Srbije. Istraživanjem je obuhvaćeno 1519 ispitanika, starosti od 15 do 24 godine. Instrumenti istraživanja su bili upitnici konstruisani u skladu sa upitnikom Evropskog istraživanja zdravlja treći talas. Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da su hronične bolesti i stanja bile prisutne kod 10,3% ispitanika i da su značajni prediktori lošijeg zdravlja adolescenata pripadnost određenom regionu, bračni i radni status, kao i konzumiranje alkohola i nivo uhranjenosti. Neostvarene zdravstvene potrebe bile su prisutne kod 4,1% ispitanika, a dominantni su razlozi su bili finansije (44,4%), duga čekanja (34,9%), udaljenost od zdravstvenih ustanova (1,6%) ispitanika, dok je 19,5% ispitanika navelo više razloga. Multivarijantna analiza je otkrila da su značajni parametri nezadovoljenih potreba za zdravstvenom zaštitom godine starosti, region, bračni status i status zaposlenja. Zaključak: Istraživanje determinanti zdravlja i neostvarenih potreba adolescenata u Srbiji ukazuju na neophodnost novih pravaca u izradi strategija i definisanju preventivnih programa kako bi se smanjile nejednakosti u zdravlju adolescenata i poboljšalo zdravlje budućih mladih generacija.

Introduction: The health of adolescents requires special attention, both because of the increased sensitivity to the effects of various risk factors, and because of the fact that poor health, unhealthy lifestyles and unfulfilled health needs at an earlier age can result in poor health throughout life, which has serious health, financial and other social consequences for society. Objective: The study deals with the identification of risk factors that can affect the health and unmet health needs of adolescents in order to use the obtained results in proposing and creating appropriate preventive measures and programs. Material and method: The research was designed as a cross-sectional study on a representative stratified two-stage sample and is part of the 2019 Population Health Survey of Serbia, which was conducted by the Republic Institute of Statistics, in cooperation with the Institute for Public Health of Serbia "Dr. Milan Jovanović Batut" and the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Serbia. The survey included 1,519 respondents, aged 15 to 24. The research instruments were questionnaires constructed in accordance with the questionnaire of the European Health Survey third wave. Results: The results of the research showed that chronic diseases and conditions were present in 10.3% of respondents and that significant predictors of poor adolescent health are belonging to a certain region, marital and work status, as well as alcohol consumption and nutritional status. Unfulfilled health needs were present in 4.1% of respondents, and the dominant reasons were finances (44.4%), long waiting times (34.9%), distance from health institutions (1.6%) of respondents, while 19.5% of the respondents cited several reasons. Multivariate analysis revealed that age, region, marital status and employment status are significant parameters of unmet need for health care. Conclusion: Research on the determinants of health and unfulfilled health needs of adolescents in Serbia indicates the necessity of new directions in developing strategies and defining preventive programs in order to reduce inequalities in the health of adolescents and improve the health of future young generations.

zdravlje, determinante zdravlja, adolescenti, Nacionalno istraživanje zdravlja, neostvarene zdravstvene potrebe, Srbija

health, determinants of health, adolescents, National Health Survey, unmet health needs, Serbia

616-058(497.11)

Socijalna medicina

Tekst