ǂThe ǂeffect of training of feedback control of sensorimotor rhythm electroencephalographic activity on auditory attention in healthy individuals

[I. P. Stanković]

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Mogućnost uvežbavanja kognitivnih funkcija ostvaruje se terapijskom metodom zasnovanom na uvežbavanju povratne kontrole elektroencefalografske aktivnosti (skr. pkEEG; engl. EEG biofeedback). U tom procesu ispitanik uči da koriguje moždanu aktivnost iskazanu putem EEG ritmova. Primenom pkEEG protokola ispitanici uče da menjaju amplitudu određenog frekvencijskog opsega. U ovoj studiji je ispitan efekat ponavljanih treninga nižeg opsega beta aktivnosti (12-15 Hz), nazvan senzo-motornim ritmom (SMR), na promene selektivne auditivne pažnje kod zdravih ispitanika, starosne dobi od 30 do 45 godina, primenom elektrofiziološke i bihejvioralne evaluacije. SMR ritam se pojavljuje u stanju aktivne pažnje i spremnosti za trenutnu reakciju na stimulus. Elektrofiziološka evaluacija rađena je merenjem amplituda i latenci neurofizioloških komponenti kognitivno evociranih potencijala N100, N200, P300 u zadatku auditivne diskiminacije. Selektivna auditivna pažnja je sposobnost selekcije određenog zvučnog stimulusa iz mnoštva drugih koji se istovremeno dešavaju. Zbog toga je korišćen bihejvioralni QuickSIN test koji načinom merenja simulira realne životne situacije, tj. govornu komunikaciju u bučnim sredinama, a za čiju uspešnost je odgovorna pažnja ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja elektrofiziološkom i bihejvioralnom evaluacijom pokazali su efekte primene ponavljanih SMR pkEEG protokola na poboljšanja postignuća na testovima auditivne selektivne pažnje, na skraćenje vremena reakcije kognitivnih evociranih potencijala (N100, N200, P300) i tačnosti odgovora na bihevioralnom testu auditivne pažnje, dok isti efekat nije potvrđen za nivo amplituda izazivanih odgovora. Utvrđena je i povezanost između broja sesija SMR pkEEG protokola i povećanja spektralne snage SMR talasa kod zdravih osoba.

The possibility of practicing cognitive functions is achieved by a therapeutic method based on the practice of feedback control of electroencephalographic activity (abbr. pkEEG; Eng. EEG biofeedback). In this process, the subject learns to correct brain activity expressed through EEG rhythms. By applying the pkEEG protocol, subjects learn to change the amplitude of a certain frequency range. In this study, the effect of repeated training of a lower range of beta activity (12-15 Hz), called sensori-motor rhythm (SMR), on changes in selective auditory attention in healthy subjects, aged 30 to 45 years, was examined using electrophysiological and behavioral evaluation. The SMR rhythm appears in a state of active attention and readiness for immediate reaction to a stimulus. The electrophysiological evaluation was performed by measuring the amplitudes and latency of the neurophysiological component of the cognitively evoked potentials N100, N200, P300 in the auditory discrimination task. Selective auditory attention is the ability to select a particular sound stimulus from a multitude of others occurring simultaneously. That's why the behavioral QuickSIN test was used, which simulates real life situations by means of measurement, i.e. speech communication in noisy environments, and the attention of the examinee is responsible for its success. The results of the research with electrophysiological and behavioral evaluation showed the effects of applying repeated SMR pkEEG protocols on the improvement of achievement on tests of auditory selective attention, on shortening the reaction time of cognitive evoked potentials (N100, N200, P300) and the accuracy of responses on the behavioral test of auditory attention, while the same effect was not confirmed for the level of evoked response amplitudes. The correlation between the number of sessions of the SMR pkEEG protocol and the increase in the spectral power of SMR waves was also determined in healthy individuals.

povratna kontrola elektroencefalografske aktivnosti (skr. pkEEG), neurofidbek, senzo-motorni ritam (SMR), kognitivni evocirani potencijal, auditivna pažnja

feedback control of electroencephalographic activity (abbr. pkEEG), neurofeedback, sensorimotor rhythm (SMR), cognitive evoked potential, auditory attention

376.1-056.263:(043.3)

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