Effects of Viscum album L. plant extracts on the toxicity of insecticides chlorpyrifos and imidacloprid in different experimental model systems

[M. D. Milošević]

[9], 188, [9] listova

Hlorpirifos (CPF) i imidakloprid (IMI) su insekticidi koji se široko upotrebljavaju u zaštiti biljaka. Viscum album L. je semiparazitska biljka koja ima tradicionalnu upotrebu u lečenju brojnih bolesti. Ciljevi ove doktorske disertacije su ispitivanje ekstrakata listova imele (VAE) na toksičnost izazvanu CPF i IMI u in vitro i in vivo uslovima. Dobijeni rezultati pokazuju da CPF i IMI ispoljavaju citotoksične efekte, dok kotretmani sa VAE dovode do povećanja vijabilnosti ćelija. CPF smanjuje RBC i Hb, dok IMI smanjuje broj PLT u odnosu na kontrolu. CPF i IMI dovode do povećanja ALT, AST, LDH i bilirubina. Holesterol i trigliceridi su povećani kod CPF i IMI grupe, a koncentracija glukoze je povećana u CPF grupi u poređenju sa kontrolom. Aktivnost AChE je smanjena u jetri CPF i IMI grupe. Povišena koncentracija LPO je konstatovana u jetri i testisu nakon tretmana CPF, i u jetri u IMI grupi. Koncentracija GSH u CPF i IMI grupi su smanjene u jetri, a koncentracija vitamina C je povećana u jetri CPF grupe i jetri i testisu IMI grupe u poređenju sa kontrolom. CPF i IMI dovode i do promena aktivnosti SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR i GST, i izazivaju patomorfološke promene jetre i bubrega. VAE ublažava hematotoksične efekte, smanjuje aktivnosti ALT i AST, koncentraciju glukoze, ukupnog holesterola i triglicerida i koncentraciju LPO. Ispitivani ekstrakt dovodi do stabilizacije promena aktivnosti SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR i GST, i delimično ublažava patološke promene u jetri i bubrezima. Ova doktorska disertacija pruža detaljniji uvid u toksično delovanje CPF i IMI. Iz dobijenih rezultata došlo se do novih saznanja o protektivnom potencijalu VAE, i njenim mehanizmima delovanja, što predstavlja značajan doprinos postojećim naučnim podacima.

Chlorpyrifos (CPF) and imidacloprid (IMI) are insecticides widely used to protect plants. Viscum album L. is a semi-parasitic plant with a traditional use in treating numerous diseases. This doctoral dissertation aims to test mistletoe leaf extracts (VAE) for toxicity caused by CPF and IMI in in vitro and in vivo conditions. The results show that CPF and IMI exhibit cytotoxic effects, while co-treatments with VAE increased cell viability. CPF decreases RBC and Hb, while IMI decreases PLT count compared to control. CPF and IMI increase ALT, AST, LDH and bilirubin. Cholesterol and triglycerides were increased in the CPF and IMI groups, and glucose concentration was raised in the CPF group compared to the control. AChE activity was decreased in the liver of the CPF and IMI groups. An increased concentration of LPO was noted in the liver and testis after CPF treatment, and in the liver in the IMI group. The concentration of GSH in the CPF and IMI group was decreased in the liver, and the concentration of vitamin C was increased in the liver of the CPF group and the liver and testis of the IMI group compared to the control. CPF and IMI also lead to changes in the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR and GST, and cause pathomorphological changes in the liver and kidneys. VAE alleviates hematotoxic effects, reduces ALT and AST, glucose concentration, total cholesterol and triglycerides, and LPO. The extract stabilizes changes in the activities of SOD, CAT, GSH-Px, GR and GST, and partially alleviates the pathological changes in the liver and kidneys. This research provides a more detailed insight into the toxic effects of CPF and IMI. The obtained results have contributed to new knowledge about the protective potential of VAE and its mechanisms of action, which represents a significant contribution to existing scientific data.

insekticidi; hlorpirifos; imidakloprid; Viscum album L.; oksidativni stres; antioksidativna zaštita; hepatotoksičnost; nefrotoksičnost;

insecticides; chlorpyrifos; imidacloprid, Viscum album L., oxidative stress; antioxidative defense; hepatotoxicity; nephrotoxicity;

612.06:615.285.7(497.11)(043.3) 577.21:615.285.7(497.11)(043.3)

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