Ekological differentiation of Teucrim montanum L. (Lamiaceae) on habitats with calcareous and serpentine geological substrates

[N. M. Zlatić]

159, [18] listova

Hemijski sastav i fizička struktura geološke podloge i zemljišta utiču kao skup ekoloških faktora na rasprostranjenje biljnih vrsta i njihovu diferencijaciju. Serpentinitska zemljišta se odlikuju visokim sadržajem teških metala (Cr, Mn, Ni) i niskim sadržajem esencijalnih elemenata (Ca, K, N, P), dok je kod krečnjačkih zemljišta suprotno. Na osnovu navedenog, sprovedena su istraživanja sadržaja 20 elemenata u zemljištu i biljnom materijalu vrste Teucrium montanum (Lamiaceae) poreklom sa različitih staništa, kao i sadržaj ukupnih fenolnih jedinjenja i antioksidativne aktivnosti. Pored toga, određen je kvantitativni sastav pojedinačnih fenolnih jedinjenja u metanolnim ekstraktima biljnog materijala UHPLC/DAD/(−)HESI−MS2 metodom. U uzorcima etarskih ulja, primenom GCxGC/MS analize je ispitan kvalitativni sastav i procenat relativne zastupljenosti isparljivih jedinjenja. Metodom geometrijske morfometrije ispitani su obrasci morfološkog variranja sa aspekta postojanja diferencijacije vrste u odnosu na tip podloge. Na osnovu dobijenih rezultata, može se zaključiti da tip podloge na ispitivanim staništima ima značajan uticaj na ekofiziološke i morfo-anatomske karakteristike, pri čemu su neke od njih potencijalno značajne u adaptivnom odgovoru vrste Teucrium montanum na specifične edafske uslove. Regulacija intenziteta biosinteze i akumulacije sekundarnih metabolita predstavlja jedan od mehanizama prilagođavanja koji pored toga utiče i na diferenciranje edafskih ekotipova.

The chemical composition and physical structure of the geological substrate and soil influence the distribution of plant species and their differentiation as a set of ecological factors. Serpentinite soils are characterized by high content of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Ni) and low content of essential elements (Ca, K, N, P), while the opposite is for calcareous soils. Based on the above, the content of 20 elements in the soil and plant material of the species Teucrium montanum (Lamiaceae), originating from different habitats, as well as the content of total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity were studied. In addition, the quantitative composition of each phenolic compound in methanolic extracts of the plant material was determined by the UHPLC/DAD/(−)HESI−MS2 method. In the samples of essential oils, the qualitative composition and percentage of relative representation of volatile compounds were investigated by GCxGC/MS analysis. Using the method of geometric morphometrics, the patterns of morphological variation were studied from the point of view of the presence of species differences depending on the type of substrate. Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that the type of substrate in the studied habitats has a significant influence on the ecophysiological and morpho-anatomical characteristics, where some of them are potentially important for the adaptive response of the species Teucrium montanum to specific edaphic conditions. Regulation of the intensity of biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites is one of the adaptive mechanisms that also influences the differentiation of edaphic ecotypes.

geološka podloga, fakultativna serpentinofita, teški metali, sekundarni metaboliti, etarska ulja, geometrijska morfometrija

geological substrate, facultative serpentinophyte, heavy metals, secondary metabolites, essential oils, geometric morphometrics

581.5:582.949.2(497.11)(043.3)

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